Regulatory Guide
Standards & Compliance
Understanding the standards that govern high-voltage insulating gloves is critical to workplace safety. This guide covers the key regulations every electrical worker and safety manager needs to know.
ASTM D120
The primary standard for rubber insulating gloves used by electrical workers. ASTM D120 specifies the material properties, dimensions, and electrical performance requirements for gloves intended to protect against electrical shock.
Type I — Natural Rubber
Made from natural rubber latex. Not resistant to ozone. Must be stored away from ozone-generating equipment (motors, generators). Suitable for general electrical work where ozone exposure is minimal.
Type II — Ozone-Resistant
Made from synthetic rubber compounds that resist ozone degradation. Required for environments near high-voltage equipment that generates ozone. Offers longer shelf life in industrial settings with ozone exposure.
Voltage Class Ratings
| Class | Max Use Voltage (AC) | Proof Test Voltage (AC) | Label Color |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class 00 | 500V AC | 2,500V AC | Beige |
| Class 0 | 1,000V AC | 5,000V AC | Red |
| Class 1 | 7,500V AC | 10,000V AC | White |
| Class 2 | 17,000V AC | 20,000V AC | Yellow |
| Class 3 | 26,500V AC | 30,000V AC | Green |
| Class 4 | 36,000V AC | 40,000V AC | Orange |
Testing Requirements
All gloves must pass dielectric proof testing at the voltages specified above. Testing involves submerging the glove in water and applying the proof-test voltage for 1 minute (AC) or 3 minutes (DC). Any current leakage exceeding the allowable limit results in failure. Gloves must be retested every 6 months per OSHA requirements.
OSHA 1910.137
OSHA's standard for electrical protective equipment in the workplace. This regulation defines the design, care, and use requirements for rubber insulating equipment including gloves, sleeves, and blankets.
Inspection Before Each Use
Rubber insulating equipment must be inspected before each day's use and immediately following any incident that may have caused damage. The air inflation test is required for gloves. Equipment showing any defects must be removed from service.
6-Month Electrical Retest
Insulating gloves must be electrically tested before first issue and every 6 months thereafter. Gloves that have been in service but not tested within the previous 6 months may not be used until they pass a new electrical test.
Storage Requirements
Gloves must be stored in a location that protects them from light, temperature extremes, excessive humidity, ozone, and chemical exposure. They should be stored right-side out, not folded or compressed, ideally in a glove bag or dedicated container.
NFPA 70E
The Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace. NFPA 70E provides guidance on work practices, PPE requirements, and safety procedures to protect workers from electrical hazards including arc flash and shock.
PPE Categories & Arc Flash Protection
| PPE Category | Min Arc Rating | Required Clothing & Equipment |
|---|---|---|
| Category 1 | 4 cal/cm² | Arc-rated shirt & pants, safety glasses |
| Category 2 | 8 cal/cm² | Arc-rated shirt & pants, arc-rated face shield, hard hat |
| Category 3 | 25 cal/cm² | Arc flash suit, arc-rated hood, hard hat, safety glasses |
| Category 4 | 40 cal/cm² | Arc flash suit, arc-rated hood, hard hat, safety glasses, hearing protection |
Note: Rubber insulating gloves are required for all shock hazard work. The glove class must match or exceed the maximum voltage to which the worker may be exposed. Leather protectors must be worn over rubber gloves unless the task requires bare-hand dexterity and the employer can demonstrate that the protectors are not needed.
Glove Care & Testing Guide
Proper care and regular testing are essential to maintaining the dielectric integrity of your insulating gloves. Follow these procedures to stay compliant and safe.
Daily Inspection Procedure
Visual Inspection
Examine the entire glove surface for cuts, punctures, tears, embedded objects, texture changes, or signs of chemical damage. Check for UV degradation or ozone cracking.
Air Inflation Test
Roll the cuff tightly toward the fingers to trap air inside. The glove should inflate and hold air. Listen and feel for any leaks. Repeat for the opposite side by turning the glove inside out.
Check Markings
Verify the class label, date of last electrical test, and manufacturer markings are legible. Do not use gloves with missing or unreadable markings.
Verify Test Date
Confirm the glove has been electrically tested within the last 6 months. Gloves that have exceeded their retest date must be removed from service immediately.
Key Requirements
6-Month Electrical Retest
All rubber insulating gloves must be electrically retested at an OSHA-accredited lab every 6 months. Mark the test date clearly on each glove. Track test dates for your entire inventory to avoid lapses.
12-Month Maximum Shelf Life
Gloves that have not been issued or electrically tested within 12 months of their last test date must be retested before being placed into service. Never assume unused gloves are still safe.
Proper Storage
Store gloves away from direct sunlight (UV), ozone sources, chemicals, and sharp objects. Keep in a cool, dry location. Use a glove bag or canister. Do not fold or compress. Store with fingers pointing up, never cuffed over a hook.
Need Compliance Help? Contact Our Experts
Our safety specialists can help you build a compliant glove testing program, select the right class for your voltage exposure, and train your crew on proper inspection procedures.